Skype uses what type of communication to connect its users?

Skype primarily utilizes peer-to-peer (P2P) communication for connecting its users. This means that instead of routing all communications through a centralized server, Skype allows users to connect directly with each other, facilitating a more efficient and versatile communication method.

Peer-to-peer architecture enables a direct exchange of video, audio, and data between users' devices. This approach enhances the quality of calls and reduces latency since information travels along the most direct route available. It also increases resilience, as there is no single point of failure, meaning that even if some nodes (users) go offline, the network can still function effectively.

In contrast, client-server architectures would involve a central server handling all communication, which can create bottlenecks and single points of failure. Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) are used to create secure connections across the internet but do not inherently facilitate direct user communication like Skype does. Dedicated servers would imply reliance on fixed servers, which again shifts away from the flexibility and efficiency provided by peer-to-peer connections. The choice of peer-to-peer for Skype supports its goal of providing seamless, real-time communication over the internet.