Which of the following components does H.323 not specify in the networks?

H.323 is a standard framework for voice, video, and data communications over packet-switched networks, including the internet. Within this framework, it defines several key components essential to enabling multimedia communication.

A gateway, gatekeeper, and terminal are critical components of the H.323 architecture. The gateway provides interconnection with other networks, such as the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), the gatekeeper manages bandwidth and provides address translations among endpoints, and terminals refer to end-user devices that participate in H.323 communications.

In contrast, the specification does not include a proxy server. While proxy servers can be utilized in various networking protocols for purposes such as load balancing, caching, and more, they are not a defined component of the H.323 standard. This distinction highlights that the H.323 framework focuses on the specific components that directly facilitate multimedia communication rather than broader networking tools like proxy servers that serve different functions in network management.